Medical English | Day18
2014/11/24 医学生

    

    

     dialysis

     [?da?l?s?s]

     n. 透析；[分化] 渗析

     词根dia-表穿过

     dialogue 对话

     diaphanous 透明的，精致的

     词组dialysis membrane透析膜；渗析膜

     dialysis cultivation透析培养

     dialysis fluid透析液

     Dialysis Soution透析液

     peritoneum dialysis腹膜透析

     Colon Dialysis结肠透析

     例句Over the years TCM has proven effective in delaying the need for kidney dialysis.

     多年来，临床证明，TCM 在延缓肾透析的需求方面是有效的。

     www.ibm.com

     Question肖锋 翻译和整理

     Neurologic complications of infective endocarditis are common. What is the most common neurological complication of IE?

     感染性心内膜炎(IE)的神经系统并发症是常见的。什么是IE最常见的神经系统并发症？

     AnswerAcute ischemic stroke, manifesting clinically in 20% - 40% of IE patients. Asymptomatic ischemia recognized by neuroimaging occurs in another 30%-40%. Thus, ischemic stroke may be more likely than not in patients with IE.

     急性缺血性脑卒中， 20% - 40%IE患者中将有其临床表现。通过神经影像诊断但无临床表现的缺血则发生在另外的30%-40%。因此，IE患者出现缺血性脑卒中的可能性要比没有缺血性脑卒中的可能性大(Neurohospitalist，10/14：213)

     Association between metabolic syndrome, radiographic knee osteoarthritis, and intensity of knee pain: results of a national survey.

     代谢综合征、膝关节骨关节炎和膝关节疼痛的关系：一项全国性调查的结果

     Doosup Shin

     J Clin Endocrinol Metab

     2014-04-29

     索引：J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab..2014 Apr 29;:jc20141043.

     中文摘要来源：周末翻译 董润审核

     Context - Although osteoarthritis (OA) has been suggested as another component of metabolic syndrome (MetS), weight-independent associations between MetS and knee OA or intensity of arthritic knee pain remains unclear. Objective - To evaluate the above associations and suggest possible mechanisms Design and Setting - Cross-sectional study using the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010) Participants - 2363 adults (≥50 years of age) who had completed both laboratory examinations and evaluation for radiographic knee OA. Main Outcome and Measures - Radiographic knee OA was defined as a Kellgren/Lawrence grade of ≥2 and the intensity of arthritic knee pain was assessed using a self-reported numeric rating scale. MetS was diagnosed based on National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, and insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Results - In multivariable logistic regression analysis, MetS was associated with radiographic knee OA (adjusted odds ratio = 1.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.23-1.79; p-value <0.001). This association was not changed significantly after further adjusting for HOMA-IR, but became non-significant after adjusting for weight or body mass index (BMI). Age-, sex-, and weight (or BMI)-adjusted mean score of knee pain was significantly higher in subjects with more components of MetS (p for trend = 0.010 or 0.035, respectively). Conclusions - The association between MetS and radiographic knee OA can be largely explained by an excessive weight but not by insulin resistance, a key pathophysiology of MetS. As accumulation of MetS components appears to be associated with a higher intensity of knee pain, independently of weight, appropriate treatment for MetS may be helpful for subjects with knee pain.

     背景：

     虽然研究已经发现骨关节炎是代谢综合征的一个组成部分，但是在独立于体重的情况下代谢综合征与膝关节骨关节炎或膝关节炎症性疼痛的关系尚未明确。

     目的：

     这项研究旨在评估上述关联，并提出可能的机制。

     设计和设置：

     这项横断面研究利用了第五次韩国国民健康和营养调查(2010年)的数据。

     研究对象：

     共2363名成年人(年龄≥50岁)完成了实验室检查和膝关节骨关节炎的影像学评估，这些研究对象进入了分析。

     主要结局和测量：

     膝关节骨关节炎的影像学诊断标准为Kellgren / Lawrence分级2级或以上，膝关节炎症性疼痛的程度是通过自我数字评分来评估的。代谢综合征是根据美国国家胆固醇教育项目，即成人治疗小组III标准诊断的，我们用稳态模型评估了胰岛素抵抗指数。

     结果：

     多因素logistic回归分析显示，代谢综合征与影像学诊断的膝关节骨关节炎相关(校正比值比1.49 ；95%可信区间1.23-1.79；P <0.001)。这种关系在调整胰岛素抵抗指数仍存在，但在调整体重或BMI后消失。年龄、性别和体重(或BMI)调整的平均膝关节疼痛评分在合并更多代谢综合征表现的研究对象中显著升高(趋势P = 0.010或0.035)

     结论：

     代谢综合征和影像学诊断的膝关节骨关节炎之间的关系可以用超重解释，而独立于胰岛素抵抗，尽管其是代谢综合征的关键病理生理机制。因为代谢综合征表现的增加似乎与更严重的膝关节疼痛相关，且该关联独立于体重，所以代谢综合征的治疗也许对膝关节疼痛有所帮助。

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